理解ASP.NET Core 错误处理机制(Handle Errors)_实用技巧_

 public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env) { if (env.IsDevelopment()) { // 添加开发人员异常页中间件 app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage(); } }

 app.Use((context, next) => { throw new NotImplementedException(); });

 public class DeveloperExceptionPageMiddleware { public DeveloperExceptionPageMiddleware( RequestDelegate next, IOptions options, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory, IWebHostEnvironment hostingEnvironment, DiagnosticSource diagnosticSource, IEnumerable filters) { // ... // 将 DisplayException 放置在管道最底部 // DisplayException 就用于向响应中写入我们上面见到的异常页 _exceptionHandler = DisplayException; foreach (var filter in filters.Reverse()) { var nextFilter = _exceptionHandler; _exceptionHandler = errorContext => filter.HandleExceptionAsync(errorContext, nextFilter); } } public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context) { try { await _next(context); } catch (Exception ex) { // 响应已经启动，则跳过处理，直接上抛 if (context.Response.HasStarted) { throw; } try { context.Response.Clear(); context.Response.StatusCode = 500; // 错误处理 await _exceptionHandler(new ErrorContext(context, ex)); // ... // 错误已成功处理 return; } catch (Exception ex2) { } // 若处理过程中抛出了新的异常ex2，则重新引发原始异常ex throw; } } }

 public interface IDeveloperPageExceptionFilter { Task HandleExceptionAsync(ErrorContext errorContext, Func next); } public class ErrorContext { public ErrorContext(HttpContext httpContext, Exception exception) { HttpContext = httpContext ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(httpContext)); Exception = exception ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(exception)); } public HttpContext HttpContext { get; } public Exception Exception { get; } }

 public class MyDeveloperPageExceptionFilter : IDeveloperPageExceptionFilter { public Task HandleExceptionAsync(ErrorContext errorContext, Func next) { errorContext.HttpContext.Response.WriteAsync($"MyDeveloperPageExceptionFilter: {errorContext.Exception}"); // 我们不调用 next，这样就不会执行 DisplayException return Task.CompletedTask; } } public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { services.AddSingleton(); }

 public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env) { if (env.IsDevelopment()) { app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage(); } else { // 添加异常处理程序 app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error"); } }

 public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env) { app.UseExceptionHandler(errorApp => { var loggerFactory = errorApp.ApplicationServices.GetRequiredService(); var logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger("ExceptionHandlerWithLambda"); errorApp.Run(async context => { // 这里可以自定义 http response 内容，以下仅是示例 var exceptionHandlerPathFeature = context.Features.Get(); logger.LogError($"Exception Handled：{exceptionHandlerPathFeature.Error}"); var statusCode = StatusCodes.Status500InternalServerError; var message = exceptionHandlerPathFeature.Error.Message; if (exceptionHandlerPathFeature.Error is NotImplementedException) { message = "俺未实现"; statusCode = StatusCodes.Status501NotImplemented; } context.Response.StatusCode = statusCode; context.Response.ContentType = "application/json"; await context.Response.WriteAsJsonAsync(new { Message = message, Success = false, }); }); }); }

 public interface IExceptionHandlerFeature { // 异常信息 Exception Error { get; } } public interface IExceptionHandlerPathFeature : IExceptionHandlerFeature { // 未被转义的http请求资源路径 string Path { get; } }

 public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env) { app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error"); } public class HomeController : Controller { [ResponseCache(Duration = 0, Location = ResponseCacheLocation.None, NoStore = true)] public IActionResult Error() { return View(new ErrorViewModel { RequestId = Activity.Current?.Id ?? HttpContext.TraceIdentifier }); } }

 public class HomeController : Controller { // 处理Get请求的异常 [HttpGet("[controller]/error")] [ResponseCache(Duration = 0, Location = ResponseCacheLocation.None, NoStore = true)] public IActionResult GetError() { _logger.LogInformation("Get Exception Handled"); return View("Error", new ErrorViewModel { RequestId = Activity.Current?.Id ?? HttpContext.TraceIdentifier }); } // 处理Post请求的异常 [HttpPost("[controller]/error")] [ResponseCache(Duration = 0, Location = ResponseCacheLocation.None, NoStore = true)] public IActionResult PostError() { _logger.LogInformation("Post Exception Handled"); return View("Error", new ErrorViewModel { RequestId = Activity.Current?.Id ?? HttpContext.TraceIdentifier }); } }

 public class ExceptionHandlerMiddleware { public ExceptionHandlerMiddleware( RequestDelegate next, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory, IOptions options, DiagnosticListener diagnosticListener) { // 要么手动指定一个异常处理器（如通过lambda） // 要么提供一个资源路径，重新发送给后续中间件，进行异常处理 if (_options.ExceptionHandler == null) { if (_options.ExceptionHandlingPath == null) { throw new Inva
                
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